How does the tooth whitening process work?
Tooth discoloration is caused by various dyes and pigments that adhere to the tooth surface over time. There are therefore two ways to whiten teeth: Removing the existing stains and chemically whitening the shade.
Removing the existing stains is a physical process and targets superficial discoloration using an abrasive method. This means that the stains are removed by friction and the underlying tooth color is revealed.
Chemical whitening, on the other hand, is a bleaching process and works on both superficial and deep-seated stains, as the actual shade of the teeth is actively lightened. Chemical whitening is therefore the most common and effective method for achieving whiter teeth.
How does chemical bleaching (peroxide) remove stains from teeth?
When teeth are whitened using chemical bleaching, discolouration is oxidized and the molecules responsible for colour retention are changed. Put simply, when the bleaching agents penetrate the tooth enamel, they break down the molecules into smaller, simpler forms that make the overall tooth color appear whiter.
Common bleaching agents include hydrogen peroxide, carbomide peroxide and phthalimidoperoxicaproic acid (PAP for short).
Why is PAP not used more often?
Most dentists still use peroxide-based treatment methods for in-office bleaching in their practices, as the use of PAP has not yet been fully researched due to the complex formulation. The higher the pH value of PAP, the more effective it is. Unfortunately, this reduces the shelf life of the products, which is why the effect can diminish after a short storage period if the wrong formulation is used.
In addition, the side effects of peroxides can be monitored by dental staff during in-office bleaching, which can minimize the risk of long-term damage to the tooth. The situation is different for home bleaching products with peroxides, where caution is advised in any case.
What makes PAP+ so special?
It was clear to us that we wanted to utilize the benefits of PAP for our products without compromising on shelf life and efficacy. We therefore spent months perfecting the optimal formulation that maximizes the effect of the PAP while maintaining its stability. By adding other supportive ingredients to remineralize and strengthen teeth, such as potassium citrate and hydroxyapatite, we have developed the PAP+ formula that effectively whitens teeth - without the unwanted side effects.
